URLs (std::url)

Extrai cada componente de uma URL completa, incluindo params.

// Feature: url.parse — break a URL into protocol, host, port, path, query, fragment

// When to use: extract parts of an address for routing, validation, or logging.


use std::url

let parts = url.parse("https://api.example.com:8443/users/42?id=42&active=true#bio")

print(parts["protocol"])  // expected: https

print(parts["host"])  // expected: api.example.com

print(parts["port"])  // expected: 8443

print(parts["path"])  // expected: /users/42

print(parts["query"])  // expected: id=42&active=true

print(parts["fragment"])  // expected: bio


// Query params are already parsed into params.

print(parts["params"]["id"])  // expected: 42

print(parts["params"]["active"])  // expected: true

Vai-e-vem entre string bruta e representação percent-encoded.

// Feature: url.encode / url.decode — percent-encoding

// When to use: pass strings with spaces or special characters in URLs.


use std::url

// encode applies percent-encoding to non-safe characters.

let raw = "hello world & friends"
let enc = url.encode(raw)
print(enc)  // expected: hello%20world%20%26%20friends


// decode reverses the operation.

print(url.decode(enc))  // expected: hello world & friends


// encode_component is more aggressive — it also escapes /, ?, #.

let comp = url.encode_component("a/b?c=d")
print(comp)  // expected: a%2Fb%3Fc%3Dd


let back = url.decode_component(comp)
print(back)  // expected: a/b?c=d

Parse de params existentes e construção manual de query string codificada.

// Feature: url — build and parse query strings

// When to use: HTTP clients, links with filters, pagination.


use std::url

// Parse: query string already comes in `params` when using url.parse.

let parts = url.parse("https://api.example.com/search?q=zolo+lang&page=2&limit=20")
print(parts["params"]["q"])  // expected: zolo+lang

print(parts["params"]["page"])  // expected: 2

print(parts["params"]["limit"])  // expected: 20


// Manual construction: join "k=v" pairs with "&".

fn build_query(pairs: [str]) -> str {
  return pairs.join("&")
}

let qs = build_query([
  "q=" + url.encode_component("hello world"),
  "page=1",
  "active=true",
])
print(qs)  // expected: q=hello%20world&page=1&active=true